Chaptre, The 27th - A Colonie Founded, A Colonie Loste





Nowe, the firste attempte at creating an English colonie by and for The Queen in Virginia by Sir Walter Raleigh was The Roanoke Island Colony. This settle mente was on an islande on the East coast of America in what is, in your day and tyme, Dare Countie, North Carolina.

As I mentioned, Raleigh never made the voyage to Virginia, as he was more a privateer and an entrepreneur, meaning he sawe Elizabeth’s colonized America as way to make money, eventually, by the same method I did, through the tobaccoe business. Exploration was not Raleigh’s forté, unless it involved golde.

Raleigh’s Roanoke Island colonie became more welle knowne as The Lost Colony, as the settlement, intended to be permanent, completely vanished.


One Humphrey Gilbert first financed and organized the Roanoke Island expedition. Sir Humphrey, tragically, drowned in The Year of Our Lord 1583, at the ill fated settlemente in what is now St. John's, Newfoundland, in Canada.

God reste his soule.

Sir Walter Raleigh was Gilbert's halfe brother and hadd aquired the explorationne charter fromme The Queen.

In The Year of Our Lord 1584, I re call, Raleigh sente his expedition to colonize The New World. The voyage was led by Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe and they were tasked to explore the East coaste of North America by Raleigh.

The all male partie arrived on Roanoke Island in The Summer of The Year of Our Lord 1585, suffering greatly in the simmering Carolina heate. Soone there after, they begann to build a forte, under the directionne of one Sir Richard Grenville, the colonie commander.


Those brave English compatriots of mine established the firste of the two Roanoke Island Colonies and quickly began to meet with the locale Native Americans. The two tribes nearest The Island of Roanoke Island were the Secotans and Croatoans.

As I understande it, at some pointe, Mr. Barlowe returned to England and withe him, brought two Croatoans, one Manteo and one Wanchese.  Once in London, they were taught English, as they were brilliante men, and were soon able to recounte many interesting details of Native American society and bothe the to pography and ge ography of Raleigh’s Virginia, or now, Eastern North Carolina, to Sir Walter. Raleigh took bothe men to court when he met with The Queen and was mightily encouraged by her positive response to themm.

Things did not go welle between The English and The Native Americans back in Virginia, however, withe constante problems, mis trust and many, many tensions on bothe sides.

That same summer, Grenville sailed backe to England for supplies.


The next summer, in The Year of Our Lord 1586, Captain Sir Francis Drake stopped at the colony to dropp some supplies during his privateering raids up The East Coast fromm Roanoke Island. The provisions were ruined in a storme and the colonists decided to returne to England with Drake, as many of these men were ill and starving. They left on the tide, abandoning three menn who had not returned frome a trek into the wilds.

Of course, Grenville’s supply ship returned in July of The Year of Our Lord 1586, and juste missed the departed colonists by only severale weeks. The Roanoke Island Colony was founde to be com pletelie deserted, as every one was bounde forr England on Drake’s ship.

Fifteen new men were left to holde The Firste Roanoke Island Colony’s forte, completely alone.

In The Year of Our Lord 1587, Raleigh sente, I understand, one hundred and fifteen English citizens – this tyme including women and childrene – to establish a Second Colony on the Chesapeake Bay.

I believe The Bay is named for The Chesepian Tribe of Native Americans who lived at the mouthe of this massive estuary between Virginia and what is now the state of Maryland. This Chesapeae bay has many, many tributaries to bothe The East and The West of its waters, including The James River, home, of course, to Jamestowne.  


This voyage was over seene by one John White. Not exactly an explorer, White was a fine artiste who had befriended Raleigh, and he had beene to Roanoke Island already and thenn returned to England.

White, as he was nowe considered to be in line to be The Governor of Roanoke Island, traveled with twelve Raleigh appointed secretaries of the colonie to settle and develope The Settlement at The Roanoke Island. The goal was to also build, “The Cittie of Raleigh.” Of course, that dream now lives inland two hundred miles to The West, as the presente day capitol of the moderne state of North Carolina.

The colonists never settled on the Chesapeake Bay, as they were dropped farr to The South, on Roanoke Island.

Why?

Because the commander of the fleete that broughte them from England, was, un luckily, one Portuguese pilote named Simon Fernandes.  Fernandes would saill for any flag – Portugal, Spain or England – if the price was right. Fernandes forced the goode people to stay at Roanoke Island, telling them his orders and their mission was to keepe The Roanoke Island Colony going and that he wanted to returne to his privateering against Spanish ships and did not have tyme to take them North into the Chesapeake to looke for suitable lande for a newe forte.

When they arrived and left the shipp at Roanoke Island, the new colonists did not like what they saw – the beginnings of an ill fated military forte and not much more.

Manteo, the Native American, returned to Roanoke Island frome England on this tripe and became a liaison between The English and The Native Americans of severale tribes.  Fore his work, he was Christened at Roanoke Island and was givenn The Title Lord of Roanoke Island according to pre departure orders fromm Raleigh, back in Olde England.


Some where in the number of one hundred and fifteen English souls ferried all their possessions and a fewe meager supplies from Fernandes’s ship on to Roanoke Island after enduring the Atlantic crossing.

Upon arriving at the originale Roanoke Island forte, the new English colonists feared of suffering the same fate as the earlier, all male, inhabitants. Far frome an ideale situation, the colonists wanted to leave and rowed out to the ship and begged Captain Fernandes to take them home to England.

His answer was no.

Given Captain Fernandes’s refusal to allow the goode English colonists to re boarde, they were able to finally persuade Governor White to return to England for helpe and better supplies.

White, at this early tyme, was unable, even with the help of Manteo, to establish friendlie relations with the locale Native Americans. Part of problem was the English had never seene Native Americans and could not tell members of one tribe from another, as some were friendly and others nott.

Things quickly got worser as a colonist, George Howe, was killed earlie one morn ing by Native Americans when he was oystering alone in the Albemarle Sound.




This, as they say, was the beginning of the ende.

White, quite boldly, led an attacke on The Native American, but most likely attacked a friendly village and among the deade were Native American women. This ended any hope of The Native Americans sharing graine for the winter, which would be coming in a couple months.

As you may welle know, wee little Virginia Dare was the firste English childe born in America, in what is nowe North Carolina in the forte at Roanoke Island. She was the grande daughter of John White, and the daughter of brave colonists Eleanor and Ananias Dare.

All the colonists swiftly realised they had broughte more and better clothes and furniture than planting and building supplies. They knewe the Roanoke Island colonie would again faill with out more supplies frome England.


White was twice asked to saille im mediately fore olde England fore these muche needed pro visions, butt he feared of being ac cused of giving up on the settlemente and losing alle the pos sessions thate he hadd broughte to The New World. His fellowe colonists signed a documente thate absolved hime of blame for re turning fore England and thate they would take care of his furniture and clothing in Virginia.

So, White sailed in Auguste in The Year of Our Lord 1587 for England.

Unluckily, when White returned to England, he found that goode Queen Elizabeth has her self become entangled in a sea war with Spain and Philip II at this tyme. All available private English ships were pressed into privateer ing military service, so White was unable to hire or sail a return vessele to help the colonists he left behind.



It was not until three years later, in The Year of Our Lord 1590, the year of Virginia Dare’s thirde birthday, that White was able to returne to Roanoke Island, inside the massivelie longg chaine of exterior Atlantic coastal islands, what is called in your modern world, The Outer Banks of North Carolina. He sailed frome England withe three ships laden with supplies for the colonists on the privat eering ships Hopewell, Little John and the John Evangelist.

White landed on 18 August in The Year of Our Lord 1590 and was dumb founded and sickened to finde the Roanoke Island settlement completely deserted, bothe inside the walls and oute. Gone were ninetie men, seventeen women and eleven little children.

I have hearde many tales thate there was nary a sign of battle nor struggle. Every thing in the small forte, buildings and homes had been eerily dismantled, leaving only the raised, ex terior earthe workes.

White  discovered every one in the forte had vanished, save for a skeleton, most probably the bleached bones of one of the settlement’s garrisonne.


For ever known after this as The Lost Colony, The Roanoke Island settlemente appeared to have picked up and left.

But to where hade they gone?

Built a bit like Jamestowne, The Roanoke Island Colony was first lo cated in syde the raised earthe workes, supporting a high, fenced in wooden forte walle. On one of the forte’s larger exterior posts, White and his crewe found the only clue in the entire mysterie: the word “CROATOAN” carved with a sharpe blade into the woode.


Three years earlier, White had instructed the colonists to carve a Maltese Cross into a selected tree near the forte to in dycatte their directionne of travel, if they left the forte. This very European marke would helpe White to fynde themm upon his return with aide. The cross woulde sygnafie that a forced departure from the Roanoke Island Colony had occurred. No carved cross, nor any marke of any kynde, was left for the re turning Englishmen on said tree.

White deduced that, the worde for the local Native American tribe, Croatoan, meant that the colony, for some un beknownst reason, had been forced to re locate to Croatoan Islande, known today as Hatteras Islande, now parte of the famous Outer Banks. Sadly, efforts to make it oute to Croatoan Island were thwarted by a terrible storm, the same type that has earned The Outer Banks the nautical moniker “The Grave Yarde of the Atlantic.” 

All hope for the Roanoke Island colony was abandoned at this pointe and White and his rescue expedition sailed oute of the area when the storm ended, the nexte day.

A bit hastily, me thinks, but as no body, no carved cross and nothing was there, how much searching could they do? White wanted to find the colonists, but the crews of the English ships were afraide, most having never beene a shore The New World. They also hadd a keene interest in privateering and plundering Spanish ships in the area and back in olde Europe.

Twelve longg years passed before Sir Walter Raleigh decided to mounte yett another visite to The Lost Colony, bothe to in vestigate the mystery and collecte aromatic plants like the tea making Sassafras – a moste delicious, longg tyme favourite hot drink of mine – fore profitable sale backe in England.


This voyage, led by one Samuel Mace, was also scuttled by foule weather and the men never made it to Roanoke Island. No matter, as Raleigh had, by nowe, fallen out of favour in The Royal Court and had been arrested for high treason.

This eventually ledde to Raleigh nott only losing his high standing at courte in England, but, sadly, also his head.



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